矮子站在山巔仍是矮子，巨人站在井底仍是巨人。: 常識

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2015年12月14日星期一

方言五則

以下有五則廣州方言大家都會常用，但大家有沒有考究過是怎樣得來的呢，來源可能如下:)

1. 買飛

廣州人說買票是「買飛」，如車飛、船飛、戲飛等等，(只有坐飛機還是說買飛機票，因為前面已有個「飛」字，重複了就不好聽。) 為甚麼「票」成了「飛」？這是外來語，從英文的 fare(收費) 來的。為甚麼廣州人與洋人接觸不多卻在口語中有這樣多的外來語？原來—香港割讓之前的原居民是寶安縣的客家人，講客家話，主要是打漁為生。開埠之後從廣東珠江三角洲移來很多講白話（廣州話）的人從事商業及小手工業，也有給英國人打工的。這些人學了一些英語，把英語辭匯混入廣州話當中去，又傳上去廣州，漸漸溶入廣州話中。這樣就構成只有廣東人才懂的特殊的詞語。沒有人再覺得它是外來語。

2. 唱錢

廣州人說「過年嘞，要唱定啲散紙封利是」。唱是找換, change （兌換）而來。

3. 標青

廣州話稱讚、誇耀一個青年男子（不適用於女性）往往用「標青」這個詞。甚麼是標青呢？一般認為是以指春天時節，植物發芽生長，往往在老枝上茁壯生出綠色的新枝嫩芽，明顯比背景顯眼。所以以此形容與眾不同的年青人。也有「青」就是水稻，農村有「割禾青」一語，標青是水稻插秧後，開始克服移植期的滯後，重新恢復生機，葉片「回青」挺拔，向上伸展。

其實【康熙字典】【午集下】【禾字部】有一個字音標。稻苗秀出者。這個字相當罕見，很少有機會用，於是就用了常見的「標」代替了。這個字本不限於廣東，但外省不用，廣東粵語是一個很古老的語種，由秦朝流傳至今，說粵語的人遍布全球，其中保留不少古漢語辭匯，久而久之某些詞匯在北方消失了，便成了粵語專用。

4. 拍拖

相信大家都拍過拖，拍拖這個詞從那裡來的呢？拍拖是地地道道的廣州話。在中國歷史文獻上未出現過，到了2006年才收入第五版的《現代漢語辭典》。

拍拖起源於廣州市珠江航運術語。廣州內河的大型客船和貨船多數是是沒有動力的。不用汽輪的原因，一是汽輪食水深，載客載貨量不大，更重要的是珠江三角洲多圍田，汽輪經過時激起的浪湧沖拍堤圍，會做成破壞。所以要用體積小但馬力大的拖輪（廣州人叫拖缽，至於這個「缽」的來源是來自英語 boat，還是汽笛聲我還未考證）帶動行駛。而被拖的船多數是蠆船形式的平底，載量大但食水淺的木質駁船。因為靠近碼頭的河道肯往來船隻多，若拖輪拖着大船，無法靠碼頭，勢必發生意外。所以要把大船固定在拖輪旁，廣州話「拍住」。到駛出白鵝潭後，江面寬闊，這才放開大船，用鋼纜拖着走，這就是「拖」。廣州人用「拍拖」形容戀愛中男女：沒有旁人看到時就緊靠一起，有人看見時就立即分開，一前一後，就像內河船的拍拖一樣，真是十分貼切。

5. 仆街

「你個死仆街，又試攞晒啲買餸錢去賭！」「仆街」很多人以為是咀咒：在街上扑倒受傷或猝死。其實開始的時候是從 poor guy 而來。，這個 poor 不是貧窮、可憐，而是指粗鄙、下流的意思。也是英國人駡屬下華員或工人的慣用語。

2015年11月9日星期一

10 questions with answers

Does olive oil prevent heart disease?

Short answer: Yes
The health benefits of olive oil come from the presence of polyphenols, antioxidants
That reduce the risk of heart diseases <http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/81/1/215S..full> and cancers. But to get these healthy compounds, consumers should buy good-quality, fresh "extra-virgin" olive oil, which has the highest polyphenol content. Most commercially available olive oils have low levels of polyphenols <http://www..businessinsider.com/how-to-pick-the-healthiest-olive-oil-2013-7> associated with poor harvesting methods, improper storage, and heavy processing.

Do cough syrups work?

Short answer: No
In 2006, the nation's chest physicians agreed <http://www.nbcnews.com/id/10777506/ns/health-cold_and_flu/t/doctors-discourage-use-cough-medicine/#.UgqsK2T70Wc> that the majority of over-the-counter cough medicines don't actually work. These colourful syrups typically contain doses of codeine and dextromethorphan that are too small to be effective. Only cough suppressants that contain older antihistamines seem to relieve coughs.
That includes brompheniramine, an active ingredient in Dimetapp.

Do nuts make you fat?

Short answer: No
As much as 75% of a nut is fat. But eating fat doesn't necessarily make you fat.
The bigger factor leading to weight gain is portion-size. Luckily, nuts are loaded with healthy fats that keep you full. They're also a good source of protein and fiber. One study even found that whole almonds have 20% less calories <http://www.businessinsider.com/calorie-counts-arent-accurate-2013-7> than previously thought because a lot of the fat is excreted from the body.

Is walking as effective as running?

Short answer: Yes
Studies have shown that how long you exercise — and thus how many calories you burn — is more important Than how hard you exercise. Running is a more efficient form of exercise, but not necessarily better for you. A six-year study <http://atvb.ahajournals.org/content/early/2013/04/04/ATVBAHA.112.300878.abstract> published in the journal Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology in April found that walking at a moderate pace and running produced similar health benefits, so long as the same amount of energy was expended.

Are all wheat breads better for you than white bread?

Short answer: No

Not all wheat breads are created equal. Wheat breads that contain all parts of the grain kernel, Including the nutrient-rich germ and fiber-dense bran, must be labeled "whole grain" or "whole wheat." Some wheat breads are just white bread with a little bit of caramel coloring to make the bread appear healthier, according to Reader's Digest.

Do eggs raise cholesterol levels?

Short answer: No

Although egg yolks are a major source of cholesterol — a waxy substance that resembles fat — researchers have learned that saturated fat has more of an impact on cholesterol in your blood than eating foods that contain cholesterol.
"Healthy individuals with normal blood cholesterol levels should now feel free to enjoy foods like eggs in their diet every day," the lead researcher from a 25-year University of Arizona study <http://cals.arizona.edu/impacts/2000/cholesterol.html> on cholesterol concluded.

Do whitening toothpastes whiten teeth more than regular toothpastes?

Short answer: No
Whitening toothpastes usually contain peroxides and other strong abrasives that might make your teeth appear whiter by removing stains. Unlike at-home whitening strips and gels that contain bleach, these toothpastes do not actually change the color of your teeth.

Is it safe to microwave food in plastic containers?

Short answer: Yes
But the plastic container should display the words "microwave safe."
This means that the Food and Drug Administration has tested the container<http://www.health.harvard.edu/healthbeat/HEALTHbeat_081606.htm>

to make sure no chemicals used to make the plastic leech into foods during microwaving. If chemicals do seep out into food, the amounts are tiny and not dangerous to our health. As a general guideline, plastic grocery bags as well as most plastic tubs that hold margarine, yogurt, cream cheese, and condiments are not microwave safe.

Can watching TV ruin your eyesight?

Short answer: No

Watching TV will not destroy your rods and cones as the outdated myth suggests. Before the 1950's, TVs emitted radiation that could increase an individual's risk of eye problems <http://www.utsandiego.com/uniontrib/20050823/news_lz1c23fact.html>

after excessive TV viewing. Modern TVs have special shielding that blocks these harmful emissions.

Is red wine better for you than white wine?

Short answer: Yes

Red wine contains much more resveratrol than white wine, an antioxidant found in the skin of grapes that has been shown to fight off diseases associated with aging <http://www.businessinsider.com/health-benefits-of-resveratrol-in-red-wine-2013-3>.

2015年7月27日星期一

這是甚麼

請細心看清楚 , 這不是花朵 , 而是活生生的螳螂 , 真的是螳螂。是極為罕見的 “蘭花螳螂”（馬來西亞蘭花螳螂）, 影片中一隻雌性蘭花螳螂 , 正在炫耀自己身上鮮豔的色彩 , 多麼美麗 , 真假難分的大自然傑作！

2015年7月16日星期四

bus

This was the first double deck bus on Hong Kong Island in the year 1963. It can take 84 passengers, with 74-seat and 10-stand. The route No.2 serviced from Cleverly street to Shau Kei Wan.

Also the one and only one of this model Dennis Loline III was landed on Hong Kong Island. It was because an unknown technical problem with an unexpected sharp noise sound issued from the axle during the riding.

In fact, CMB was ordered 2 Dennis Loline III initially. Since no one knows the reason why and can't solve out this problem until the bus retired, the second one was cancelled. Therefore, CMB company had just got this one Dennis Loline III serviced in his big bus team.

後記：在記憶當中，圖中(upper photo)所見Dennis Loline III 的閘門應該不是原裝的車門，記得初期Dennis Loline III車門是單一式的一面氣壓開關燙門，而不是標準左右兩邊開關的四葉式摺門。

同類車系，參考圖片

2015年2月1日星期日

街道名稱

必列者士街（Bridges Street）位於香港上環的一條街道，全長330米，單線雙向行車，東端與士丹頓街及城皇街交匯，西至四方街與居賢坊之交匯點止。必列者士街的西端有一道樓梯，跟太平山街交接，所以行車道至此成為堀頭路，駕車人士必須駛回鴨巴甸街，才可以回到荷李活道。

某日途徑Bridges Street，看見馬路旁的路牌，同當地一所建築物所顯示的街道名稱，略有不同，真不知道這條街的正確名稱是 "必列者士街" 還是 "必列啫士街" ﹗

順便一題必列啫士街街市 ~ 它位於中環必列者士街2號，二次大戰後由當時的市政局興建，以取代在日佔時期遭受破壞的舊街市，以及應付當時人口增加的需求。街市於1953年興建及啟用，地下設有檔位售賣魚類及家禽，一樓的檔位主要售賣牛肉、豬肉、生果及蔬菜，是戰後本港市區首個同類型的街市。1969年，一樓部分地方改建為室內兒童遊樂場，並加建兩道連接橋接駁至永利街。近六十年來，必列啫士街街市一直為市民大眾服務，是區內居民回憶的一部分。

必列啫士街街市的另一部分為中華基督教會公理堂舊址，孫中山先生亦曾於該處居住和領洗。佈道所由美籍傳教士喜嘉理牧師於1883年創立；同年，孫中山先生在該教會領洗，獲賜號「日新」，其後改為「逸仙」。孫中山先生於就讀中央書院期間，亦曾在佈道所三樓居住。教會其後於1901年遷往必列者士街68號。

2014年11月17日星期一

記憶力

以下5種食物對大腦十分有益，可通過食療養生增強我們的記憶力。

一) 雞蛋

雞蛋中的蛋白質組成與人體中的蛋白質組成十分接近，在人體的吸收率約99.7%，是自然界中最良好的蛋白質，被營養師稱之“理想的營養庫”。

雞蛋黄能製造“記憶素”的卵磷脂，而且蛋黄中的卵磷脂吸收利用率比其他卵磷脂要高出數倍。歐美等的研究証實，有足够的營養膽碱，可降低60歲左右年齡人士患記憶力衰退症比率，並且對各楷段年齡的記憶力衰退者也有改善作用。

二) 芝麻